June 2021

Synergistic effects of immunoregulation and osteoinduction of ds-block elements on titanium surface

Biomaterials are those materials that interact with biological systems, often used in medical applications to augment or replace a natural function. Biomaterials could be natural or synthetic, alive or lifeless, and usually made of multiple components. All biomaterials when implanted into the body trigger an immune response, so, when evaluating biomaterial, it is necessary to consider the effects of implants on immune cells.

The elements with (n-1) d10ns1−2 valence electronic structures are called ds-block elements, which have excellent biological properties, such as antibiosis, osteogenesis, etc. Thus, they are widely used in biomaterial fields, especially in the orthopedic implants field.

A new study published on Bioactive Materials in 2021 investigated the rule of ds-block elements in the immune response and the involved mechanisms by introducing the three most widely used ds-block elements, copper, zinc, and silver on titanium substrate.

Results of this study showed that comparing with the titanium sample, the implanted samples could up-regulate the anti-inflammation and down-regulate the inflammation. The trend of anti-inflammatory effects of macrophages was in correlation with the number of valence electrons of ds-block elements. The co-culture experiments of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells showed that these two kinds of cells could enhance the anti-inflammation and osteogenesis of samples by the paracrine manner of PGE2. Moreover, molecular biology experiments indicate that the PGE2-related signaling pathway may contribute to the anti-inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation.

This research provides a new sight into the selection of the ds-block elements in the design of the biomaterial surface.

Anogen’s human IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α ELISA kits were used in this research to conduct an immunological evaluation in vitro study. Anogen provides hundreds of high-quality antibodies and ELISA to support researches in life science and medical science,

For more information, please visit Anogen website: https://www.anogen.ca

Reference:

Chen L, Wang D, Qiu J, Zhang X, Liu X, Qiao Y, Liu X. Synergistic effects of immunoregulation and osteoinduction of ds-block elements on titanium surface. Bioact Mater. 2020 Aug 14;6(1):191-207. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.001. PMID: 32913928; PMCID: PMC7452063.

A research team from Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, published a novel study about the role of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in human bladder cancer.

This team used immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction experiments to compare the expression of protein and mRNA levels of IDO1 in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines to the noncancerous counterparts. The results show that IDO1 was overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. The expression of IDO1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, T stage, and N stage but not with other clinicopathological features, including age, gender, smoking history, etc. The result also indicates that knockdown of IDO1 inhibited EMT through the IL-6/STAT3/PD-L1 signaling pathway.

This study suggests the potential of inhibitors of IDO1 as a new therapy for human bladder cancer in the future.

Anogen’s human IL-6 ELISA kit was used in this article to measure the concentration of IL-6 in cell supernatant. There are a number of publications (that) studied the role of IL-6/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway in the development and progression of human cancers. Anogen is willing to support researches in IL-6/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway by providing high-quality IL-6 and PD-L1 ELISA Kits as well as antibodies.

For more information, please visit Anogen website: https://www.anogen.ca

Reference:

Wentao Zhang, Junfeng Zhang, Ziwei Zhang, Yadong Guo, Yuan Wu, Ruiliang Wang, Longsheng Wang, Shiyu Mao, Xudong Yao,

Overexpression of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Activation of the IL-6/STAT3/PD-L1 Pathway in Bladder Cancer, Translational Oncology, Volume 12, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 485-492, ISSN 1936-5233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2018.11.012.